Hanfu is the famous traditional dress of the Han Chinese people, the dominant ethnic group in China. Hanfu has been featured prominently in many historical Chinese films, television dramas and even in daily life. Also, the unique aesthetics and symbolism of Hanfu have made it a popular choice for cosplay and fan-created content in modern days.
Let’s get a glimpse into the stories behind Hanfu, from exploring the rich history, cultural significance, to the exquisite beauty of the national costume: Hanfu (漢服).
Origin and history of Hanfu (漢服)
Hanfu has a history of nearly 4,000 years, originating back in the Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE). For generations, this has been the standard Chinese attire for both men and women.
Going through the series of historical dynasties, Hanfu underwent stylistic changes and adaptations, influenced by factors like social class, regional customs, and imperial edicts. Therefore, many distinct Hanfu styles are seen, such as the Hanfu of the Han, Tang, Song, and Qing dynasties.
Variations of Hanfu (漢服)
Hanfu has diverse styles emerging over the centuries, contributing to the rich tapestry of traditional Chinese culture and aesthetic sensibilities. Its intricate designs, vibrant silk colors, and many accessories like headpieces, accessories, and footwear all come together to complete the elegant and refined look.
Some typical Hanfu styles for men:
- Yichang (cross-collar top and wrap-around skirt)
- Yuanling Pao (round-collar robe)
- Zhiju (straight-hem robe), Dachang (open-fronted robe)
- Banbi (half-sleeve jacket)
- Beizi (a cross-collar robe)
Some typical Hanfu styles for women:
- Ruqun (upper garment and long outer skirt)
- Shenyi ( one-piece garment combined robe and skirt).
- Beizi (a cross-collar robe)
- Banbi (half-sleeve jacket)
Ruqun – 襦裙
This is the most classic version of Hanfu, consisting of an upper top and a wrap-around skirt. The top is called “ru/襦” and the skirt is called “qun/ 裙”, hence “ruqun”. Sleeves can be narrow or wide. Ruqun is divided into two types based on the height of the skirt: “Qiyao Ruqun/ 齐腰襦裙” (waist-high ruqun) and “Qixiong Ruqun/ 齐胸襦裙” (chest-high ruqun).
Shenyi – 深衣
It consists of one-piece robes that wrap around the body. The style was popular during the Song and Ming dynasties and worn by both male and female.
Beizi – 褙子
This Hanfu is a parallel-collar jacket with side slits beginning at the armpit or at the waist. It can be attached at the front either with ties or a metal button. A beizi can be long or short, have narrow or wide sleeves. Women in the Song Dynasty wore beizi (褙子) with narrow-sleeved style.
Yichang – 衣裳
The traditional Hanfu consists of a robe-like garment characterized by its cross-collar and sash. Yichang is often worn by male, together with a robe or jacket on the outside.
Banbi – 半臂
Banbi is a half-sleeve jacket worn by both men and women. It comes in various lengths, which typically extends to the elbow and is usually worn over Ruqun.
Hanfu (漢服) in Modern Times
Spanning nearly 4,000 years of history, Hanfu now becomes the iconic symbol of Chinese culture and is seen all over the world, especially during the recent festive seasons or Lunar New Year. Noticeably, younger generations are rediscovering and revitalizing Hanfu, with the design blending traditional elements with contemporary aesthetics and sensibilities.
According to Hangzhou China, an impressive number of photos and videos of young people wearing Hanfu at landmarks around the world was uploaded on the Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform Xiaohongshu.
Hanfu is forever the timeless icon that embodies the rich cultural heritage and identity of the Chinese people. If you are planning to visit China, we highly recommend trying on this wonderful dress to appreciate the enduring artistry and craftsmanship behind these garments!
